Fasting insulin: 18.6 µIU/mLTypical reference for women: 2.6-24.9 µIU/mL, optimally up to 10-12 µIU/mL.
In plain language: Your pancreas is producing an excess of insulin to "push" glucose into cells that have become less sensitive to it. It's as if you were knocking on a door louder and louder because you can't be heard.
What it means: Insulin resistance is the key link in metabolic syndrome. It explains your fatigue after meals (sharp blood-sugar swings), your evening cravings for sweets (the body trying to compensate for an energy deficit), and your weight gain (high insulin blocks the breakdown of fat).
HbA1c: 5.7%Typical reference points: normal up to 5.6%, prediabetes 5.7-6.4%, diabetes ≥6.5%.
In plain language: This marker reflects your average blood-sugar level over the past 2-3 months. You are right at the border between normal and prediabetes.
What it means: Combined with high insulin and family history, this is a signal that carbohydrate metabolism is already disturbed, but diabetes is not yet present. Now is the ideal time for prevention.
Fasting glucose: 5.8 mmol/LTypical normal: 3.9-5.5 mmol/L, impaired fasting glucose 5.6-6.9 mmol/L.
In plain language: Fasting sugar is slightly above normal, but does not yet reach the level of diabetes.
What it means: Confirms the picture of early disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism.
Triglycerides: 2.15 mmol/LTypical normal: up to 1.7 mmol/L, borderline high 1.7-2.2 mmol/L.
In plain language: These are fats in the blood that rise with an excess of carbohydrates in the diet and with insulin resistance.
What it means: High triglycerides are a typical companion of metabolic syndrome; they increase cardiovascular risk and worsen fatty liver disease.
LDL: 3.9 mmol/LTypical reference points: optimally up to 3.0 mmol/L, borderline high 3.0-4.1 mmol/L.
In plain language: "Bad" cholesterol is moderately elevated.
What it means: Combined with high triglycerides and somewhat low HDL (1.05 against a preferred >1.2 mmol/L for women), this forms an atherogenic lipid profile.
ALT: 52 U/L, GGT: 61 U/LTypical normal ALT for women: up to 35 U/L, GGT: up to 40 U/L.
In plain language: Liver enzymes are elevated, which indicates inflammation or damage to liver cells.
What it means: The ultrasound confirmed fatty infiltration of the liver (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD). This is a direct consequence of insulin resistance and excess weight. Heaviness in the right upper abdomen after fatty meals is a typical symptom.
hs-CRP: 4.2 mg/LTypical reference points: low risk <1 mg/L, moderate 1-3 mg/L, high >3 mg/L.
In plain language: This is a marker of systemic inflammation in the body.
What it means: Elevated CRP is associated with excess weight (fat tissue itself produces inflammatory substances), insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease. Chronic inflammation accelerates the development of atherosclerosis and diabetes.
Vitamin D 25(OH): 19 ng/mLTypical reference points: deficiency <20 ng/mL, insufficiency 20-30 ng/mL, normal >30 ng/mL, optimally 40-60 ng/mL.
In plain language: You have a vitamin D deficiency, which is involved in immune function, bone metabolism, and insulin sensitivity.
What it means: Vitamin D deficiency worsens insulin resistance and may contribute to fatigue.
Ferritin: 42 ng/mL, serum iron: 13.8 µmol/LTypical reference points for women: ferritin 15-150 ng/mL (optimally >50 ng/mL), iron 9-30 µmol/L.
In plain language: Iron stores are at the lower end of normal, but not critically so.
What it means: May partly explain the fatigue, but is not the main cause.
Thyroid markers (TSH, T4, anti-TPO) are normalThe thyroid is working normally, which rules out hypothyroidism as a cause of the fatigue and weight gain.